Webpalestra COVID-19 (Coronavírus): orientações e manejo clínico em pediatria

La salut dels professionals sanitaris / No disponible

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Introducción y recuerdo histórico del Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón / Introduction and historical memory of the Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón

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¿Ha aumentado la presencia de los padres durante los procedimientos invasivos en urgencias en los últimos años? / Has the presence of parents during invasive procedures in the emergency department increased in the last few years?

INTRODUCCIÓN: En los últimos años los padres están adquiriendo un protagonismo cada vez mayor en los servicios de urgencias pediátricos (SUP), manifestando su deseo de presenciar los procedimientos invasivos (PI) realizados a sus hijos. OBJETIVOS: 1) Comparar la presencia de los padres durante los PI en SUP españoles entre 2008 y 2012; 2) comparar los argumentos para restringir la presencia y los problemas derivados; y. 3) conocer si ha cambiado la opinión del personal sanitario. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio descriptivo multicéntrico comparativo. En 2008 y 2012 se envían 42 encuestas vía correo electrónico a los responsables de SUP españoles, incluyéndose en el estudio los que responden en ambos periodos. RESULTADOS: Veintidós hospitales participan en el estudio. La presencia de los padres en los SUP espa˜noles aumenta entre 2008 y 2012 para todos los PI, significativamente en la analítica sanguínea y en el sondaje vesical. En 2012 los responsables argumentan menos frecuentemente el nerviosismo de los niños, la ansiedad de los padres y el temor del personal a un peor rendimiento para restringir la presencia. En ambos periodos los problemas son ocasionales, disminuyendo el peor comportamiento de los niños. Según los responsables el acuerdo del personal sanitario no ha cambiado en estos años. CONCLUSIONES: La presencia de los padres durante los PI en los SUP ha aumentado en los últimos 4 a˜nos, aunque es aún escasa durante los procedimientos más invasivos. Los responsables argumentan menos problemas conductuales, aunque el grado de acuerdo del personal no ha cambiado, siendo necesario continuar trabajando en el tema

INTRODUCTION: In the recent years, parents are playing an important role in Pediatric Emergency Department (PED), and wish to be present when invasive procedures (IP) are performed. OBJECTIVES: 1) To compare the presence of parents during IP in PED in Spain between 2008 and 2012. 2) To compare the arguments to restrict the presence and problems arising from this, and 3) To determine whether the views of health personnel have changed on this subject. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive multicenter comparative study was conducted in 2008 and 2012. A total of 42 questionaires were sent by email to PED managers, with the responding hospitals being included in the 2 periods of the study. RESULTS: A total of 22 hospitals participated in the study. The presence of parents in the PED increased between 2008 and 2012 for all IP, significantly in the blood test and urine catheterization. In 2012, managers state that children are not so nervous, and anxiety of the parents and staff fear of a poorer performance, as an argument to restrict family presence. There were few problems during the 2 periods, with the poor behavior of the children decreasing. According to managers, the opinion of health personnel has not changed in the last four years. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of parents during the IP in the PED has increased in the last four years, although the presence is low for more invasive procedures. Managers argue the presence of fewer behavior problems to restrict family presence. The opinion of the staff has not changed in the last four years, although more studies are required on this issue

Factores desencadenantes de insatisfacción e ira en padres de niños atendidos en servicios de urgencias / actors related to dissatisfaction and anger in parents of children treated at paediatric emergency services

OBJETIVOS: La ira en pacientes y familiares durante su estancia en servicios de urgencias ha merecido la atención de investigadores desde hace tiempo. El objetivo del presente estudio es explorar la ira de los padres durante la atención a sus hijos en servicios de urgencias pediátricas, sondeando dimensiones específicas de insatisfacción que pueden predecir la aparición de ira. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal mediante autoinforme en 711 progenitores de ni˜nos atendidos en servicios de urgencias de pediatría. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Inventario de Expresión de Ira Estado-Rasgo -2 (STAXI-2) y la Escala de Satisfacción con los Servicios Sanitarios. Los análisis estadísticos incluyeron análisis descriptivos, correlaciónales, de varianza y de regresión lineal múltiple. RESULTADOS: Un total de 53 progenitores (7,5%) mostraron niveles de ira altos o medios. La puntuación media en satisfacción fue 37.12 (SD = 7.33). Se encontró que mayores niveles de satisfacción global se asociaron significativamente a menores niveles de ira (r = -.29, p = .00). Entre las variables estudiadas, una menor satisfacción con el acceso al servicio (B = -.172, p = .00) y con el personal sanitario (B = -.121, p = .01) y una mayor gravedad percibida del estado de salud del menor (B = .157, p = .00), predijeron mayores niveles de ira. CONCLUSIONES: Es importante continuar trabajando para mejorar el acceso de los pacientes y sus familiares a los servicios de urgencias, los procesos de información y la comunicación con el personal sanitario, entre otras iniciativas

AIM: Anger in patients and relatives is very frequent in health emergency services and is often associated with aggressiveness and emotional alterations. The aim of the present study is to explore anger in parents while their children are receiving care in paediatric emergency services, seeking the specific dimensions of dissatisfaction that may predict the onset of anger in parents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study using a self-report questionnaire in 711 parents of children seen in paediatric emergency departments. The self-report questionnaires used were the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) and the Satisfaction with Healthcare Services Scale. The statistical analysis included descriptive, correlational, variance and multiple linear regression models. RESULTS: A total of 53 parents (7,5%) showed a moderate or high anger level. The mean score for satisfaction was 37.12 (SD = 7.33). It was found that higher levels of overall satisfaction were significantly associated with lower levels of anger (r = −.29, p = .00). Among the variables studied, dissatisfaction with access to the service (ˇ = −.172, p = .00), with the healthcare staff (ˇ = −.121, p = .01), and perceived severity of the child's health status ( = .157, p = .00) predicted higher levels of anger. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of our results, it is important to continue working to substantially improve access for patients and their families to the emergency department, as well as the information and communication process with the healthcare staff should be included in intervention initiatives

Better outcomes, lower costs: palliative care program reduces stress, costs of care for children with life-threatening conditions

This policy brief examines the Partners for Children (PFC) program­California's public pediatric community-based palliative care benefit to children living with life-threatening conditions and their families. Preliminary analysis of administrative and survey data indicates that participation in the PFC program improves quality of life for the child and family. In addition, participation in the program resulted in a one-third reduction in the average number of days spent in the hospital. Shifting care from a hospital setting to in-home community-based care resulted in cost savings of $1,677 per child per month on average­an 11% decrease in spending on a traditionally high-cost population. As the three-year pilot program draws to an end, policymakers are considering the advisability of extending the program beyond the 11 counties that now participate. This policy brief provides recommendations that policymakers, families and advocates should consider to ensure sustainability and successful expansion of the program.